Jul 27, 2023 · BLOOM is an open-access multilingual language model that contains 176 billion parameters and was trained for 3.5 months on 384 A100–80GB GPUs. A BLOOM checkpoint takes 330 GB of disk space, so it seems unfeasible to run this model on a desktop computer. Try this yourself: (1) set up the docker image, (2) disconnect from internet, (3) launch the docker image. You will see that It will not work locally. Seriously, if you think it is so easy, try it. It does not work. Here is how it works (if somebody to follow your instructions) : first you build a docker image,1.75 * 10 11 parameters. * 2 for 2 bytes per parameter (16 bits) gives 3.5 * 10 11 bytes. To go from bytes to gigs, we multiply by 10 -9. 3.5 * 10 11 * 10 -9 = 350 gigs. So your absolute bare minimum lower bound is still a goddamn beefy model. That's ~22 16 gig GPUs worth of memory. I don't deal with the nuts and bolts of giant models, so I'm ...Is it possible/legal to run gpt2 and 3 locally? Hi everyone. I mean the question in multiple ways. First, is it feasible for an average gaming PC to store and run (inference only) the model locally (without accessing a server) at a reasonable speed, and would it require an Nvidia card?Yes, you can install ChatGPT locally on your machine. ChatGPT is a variant of the GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) language model, which was developed by OpenAI. It is designed to…Running GPT-J-6B on your local machine. GPT-J-6B is the largest GPT model, but it is not yet officially supported by HuggingFace. That does not mean we can't use it with HuggingFace anyways though! Using the steps in this video, we can run GPT-J-6B on our own local PCs. Hii thank you for the tutorial! There are many versions of GPT-3, some much more powerful than GPT-J-6B, like the 175B model. You can run GPT-Neo-2.7B on Google colab notebooks for free or locally on anything with about 12GB of VRAM, like an RTX 3060 or 3080ti. GPT-NeoX-20B also just released and can be run on 2x RTX 3090 gpus.Features. GPT 3.5 & GPT 4 via OpenAI API. Speech-to-Text via Azure & OpenAI Whisper. Text-to-Speech via Azure & Eleven Labs. Run locally on browser – no need to install any applications. Faster than the official UI – connect directly to the API. Easy mic integration – no more typing! Use your own API key – ensure your data privacy and ...Discover the ultimate solution for running a ChatGPT-like AI chatbot on your own computer for FREE! GPT4All is an open-source, high-performance alternative t...Mar 29, 2023 · You can now run GPT locally on your macbook with GPT4All, a new 7B LLM based on LLaMa. ... data and code to train an assistant-style large language model with ~800k ... It is a GPT-2-like causal language model trained on the Pile dataset. This model was contributed by Stella Biderman. Tips: To load GPT-J in float32 one would need at least 2x model size CPU RAM: 1x for initial weights and another 1x to load the checkpoint. So for GPT-J it would take at least 48GB of CPU RAM to just load the model. Hi, I’m wanting to get started installing and learning GPT-J on a local Windows PC. There are plenty of excellent videos explaining the concepts behind GPT-J, but what would really help me is a basic step-by-step process for the installation? Is there anyone that would be willing to help me get started? My plan is to utilize my CPU as my GPU has only 11GB VRAM , but I do have 64GB of system ...Jun 9, 2022 · Try this yourself: (1) set up the docker image, (2) disconnect from internet, (3) launch the docker image. You will see that It will not work locally. Seriously, if you think it is so easy, try it. It does not work. Here is how it works (if somebody to follow your instructions) : first you build a docker image, Jan 23, 2023 · 2. Import the openai library. This enables our Python code to go online and ChatGPT. import openai. 3. Create an object, model_engine and in there store your preferred model. davinci-003 is the ... In this video I will show you that it only takes a few steps (thanks to the dalai library) to run “ChatGPT” on your local computer. ... training the GPT-3 model in 2020 cost about $5,000,000 ...Let me show you first this short conversation with the custom-trained GPT-3 chatbot. I achieve this in a way called “few-shot learning” by the OpenAI people; it essentially consists in preceding the questions of the prompt (to be sent to the GPT-3 API) with a block of text that contains the relevant information.by Raoof on Tue Aug 11. Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3, more commonly known as GPT-3, is an autoregressive language model created by OpenAI. It is the largest language model ever created and has been trained on an estimated 45 terabytes of text data, running through 175 billion parameters! The models have utilized a massive amount of data ...Auto-GPT is an open-source Python app that uses GPT-4 to act autonomously, so it can perform tasks with little human intervention (and can self-prompt). Here’s how you can install it in 3 steps. Step 1: Install Python and Git. To run Auto-GPT on our computers, we first need to have Python and Git.I'm trying to figure out if it's possible to run the larger models (e.g. 175B GPT-3 equivalents) on consumer hardware, perhaps by doing a very slow emulation using one or several PCs such that their collective RAM (or swap SDD space) matches the VRAM needed for those beasts.GPT-3 A Hitchhiker's Guide. Michael Balaban. July 20, 2020 10 min read. The goal of this post is to guide your thinking on GPT-3. This post will: Give you a glance into how the A.I. research community is thinking about GPT-3. Provide short summaries of the best technical write-ups on GPT-3. Provide a list of the best video explanations of GPT-3.Is it possible/legal to run gpt2 and 3 locally? Hi everyone. I mean the question in multiple ways. First, is it feasible for an average gaming PC to store and run (inference only) the model locally (without accessing a server) at a reasonable speed, and would it require an Nvidia card?Just using the MacBook Pro as an example of a common modern high-end laptop. Obviously, this isn't possible because OpenAI doesn't allow GPT to be run locally but I'm just wondering what sort of computational power would be required if it were possible. Currently, GPT-4 takes a few seconds to respond using the API. GPT-J-6B is a new GPT model. At this time, it is the largest GPT model released publicly. Eventually, it will be added to Huggingface, however, as of now, ...This morning I ran a GPT-3 class language model on my own personal laptop for the first time! AI stuff was weird already. It’s about to get a whole lot weirder. LLaMA. Somewhat surprisingly, language models like GPT-3 that power tools like ChatGPT are a lot larger and more expensive to build and operate than image generation models.Just using the MacBook Pro as an example of a common modern high-end laptop. Obviously, this isn't possible because OpenAI doesn't allow GPT to be run locally but I'm just wondering what sort of computational power would be required if it were possible. Currently, GPT-4 takes a few seconds to respond using the API.GPT-3 cannot run on hobbyist-level GPU yet. That's the difference (compared to Stable Diffusion which could run on 2070 even with a not-so-carefully-written PyTorch implementation), and the reason why I believe that while ChatGPT is awesome and made more people aware what LLMs could do today, this is not a moment like what happened with diffusion models.I have found that for some tasks (especially where a sequence-to-sequence model have advantages), a fine-tuned T5 (or some variant thereof) can beat a zero, few, or even fine-tuned GPT-3 model. It can be suprising what such encoder-decoder models can do with prompt prefixes, and few shot learning and can be a good starting point to play with ... Docker command to run image: docker run -p8080:8080 --gpus all --rm -it devforth/gpt-j-6b-gpu. --gpus all passes GPU into docker container, so internal bundled cuda instance will smoothly use it. Though for apu we are using async FastAPI web server, calls to model which generate a text are blocking, so you should not expect parallelism from ...GPT-3 A Hitchhiker's Guide. Michael Balaban. July 20, 2020 10 min read. The goal of this post is to guide your thinking on GPT-3. This post will: Give you a glance into how the A.I. research community is thinking about GPT-3. Provide short summaries of the best technical write-ups on GPT-3. Provide a list of the best video explanations of GPT-3.Apr 3, 2023 · There are two options, local or google collab. I tried both and could run it on my M1 mac and google collab within a few minutes. Local Setup. Download the gpt4all-lora-quantized.bin file from Direct Link. Clone this repository, navigate to chat, and place the downloaded file there. Run the appropriate command for your OS: With GPT-2, one of our key concerns was malicious use of the model (e.g., for disinformation), which is difficult to prevent once a model is open sourced. For the API, we’re able to better prevent misuse by limiting access to approved customers and use cases. We have a mandatory production review process before proposed applications can go live.Jul 20, 2020 · GPT-3 A Hitchhiker's Guide. Michael Balaban. July 20, 2020 10 min read. The goal of this post is to guide your thinking on GPT-3. This post will: Give you a glance into how the A.I. research community is thinking about GPT-3. Provide short summaries of the best technical write-ups on GPT-3. Provide a list of the best video explanations of GPT-3. 11 13 more replies HelpfulTech • 5 mo. ago There are so many GPT chats and other AI that can run locally, just not the OpenAI-ChatGPT model. Keep searching because it's been changing very often and new projects come out often. Some models run on GPU only, but some can use CPU now. 5. Set Up Agent GPT to run on your computer locally. We are now ready to set up Agent GPT on your computer: Run the command chmod +x setup.sh (specific to Mac) to make the setup script executable. Execute the setup script by running ./setup.sh. When prompted, paste your OpenAI API key into the Terminal.Apr 3, 2023 · There are two options, local or google collab. I tried both and could run it on my M1 mac and google collab within a few minutes. Local Setup. Download the gpt4all-lora-quantized.bin file from Direct Link. Clone this repository, navigate to chat, and place the downloaded file there. Run the appropriate command for your OS: Feb 23, 2023 · How to Run and install the ChatGPT Locally Using a Docker Desktop? ️ Powered By: https://www.outsource2bd.comYes, you can install ChatGPT locally on your mac... The three things that could potentially make this possible seem to be. Model distillation Ideally the size of a model could be reduced by a large fraction, such as hugging Dave's distilled gpt-2 which is 30% of the original I believe. Phones progressively will get more RAM, ideally to run a big model like that you'd need a lot of RAM and ... Locally Run ChatGPT Clone for API Use. Hey, I've been working on this tool for a while so I can replace my own ChatGPT usage with it, and it's finally to a place where I can make it a repo. I tried to mimic all the basic features of ChatGPT and also add some new ones that make it more customizable and tweakable. For one, there's 2 different ...I have found that for some tasks (especially where a sequence-to-sequence model have advantages), a fine-tuned T5 (or some variant thereof) can beat a zero, few, or even fine-tuned GPT-3 model. It can be suprising what such encoder-decoder models can do with prompt prefixes, and few shot learning and can be a good starting point to play with ... GPT-3 and ChatGPT contains a compressed version of the complete knowledge of humanity. Stable Diffusion contains much less information than that. You can run some of the smaller variants of GPT-2 and GPT-Neo locally, but the results are not so impressive.GPT-3 and ChatGPT contains a compressed version of the complete knowledge of humanity. Stable Diffusion contains much less information than that. You can run some of the smaller variants of GPT-2 and GPT-Neo locally, but the results are not so impressive.GPT became closed source after Microsoft bought OpenAI. GPT 1 and 2 are still open source but GPT 3 (GPTchat) is closed. The models are built on the same algorithm and is really just a matter of how much data it was trained off of. In order to try to replicate GPT 3 the open source project GPT-J was forked to try and make a self-hostable open ...Now that you know how to run GPT-3 locally, you can explore its limitless potential. While the idea of running GPT-3 locally may seem daunting, it can be done with a few keystrokes and commands. With the right hardware and software setup, you can unleash the power of GPT-3 on your local data sources and applications, from chatbots to content ...You can now run GPT locally on your macbook with GPT4All, a new 7B LLM based on LLaMa. ... data and code to train an assistant-style large language model with ~800k ...GPT became closed source after Microsoft bought OpenAI. GPT 1 and 2 are still open source but GPT 3 (GPTchat) is closed. The models are built on the same algorithm and is really just a matter of how much data it was trained off of. In order to try to replicate GPT 3 the open source project GPT-J was forked to try and make a self-hostable open ...Aug 6, 2020 · The biggest gpu has 48 GB of vram. I've read that gtp-3 will come in eigth sizes, 125M to 175B parameters. So depending upon which one you run you'll need more or less computing power and memory. For an idea of the size of the smallest, "The smallest GPT-3 model is roughly the size of BERT-Base and RoBERTa-Base." Jun 3, 2020 · The largest GPT-3 model is an order of magnitude larger than the previous record holder, T5-11B. The smallest GPT-3 model is roughly the size of BERT-Base and RoBERTa-Base. All GPT-3 models use the same attention-based architecture as their GPT-2 predecessor. The smallest GPT-3 model (125M) has 12 attention layers, each with 12x 64-dimension ... Apr 17, 2023 · Auto-GPT is an open-source Python app that uses GPT-4 to act autonomously, so it can perform tasks with little human intervention (and can self-prompt). Here’s how you can install it in 3 steps. Step 1: Install Python and Git. To run Auto-GPT on our computers, we first need to have Python and Git. Mar 13, 2023 · Dead simple way to run LLaMA on your computer. - https://cocktailpeanut.github.io/dalai/ LLaMa Model Card - https://github.com/facebookresearch/llama/blob/m... BLOOM's performance is generally considered unimpressive for its size. I recommend playing with GPT-J-6B for a start if you're interested in getting into language models in general, as a hefty consumer GPU is enough to run it fast; of course, it's dumb as a rock because it's a tiny model, but it still does do language model stuff and clearly has knowledge about the world, can sorta answer ... BLOOM's performance is generally considered unimpressive for its size. I recommend playing with GPT-J-6B for a start if you're interested in getting into language models in general, as a hefty consumer GPU is enough to run it fast; of course, it's dumb as a rock because it's a tiny model, but it still does do language model stuff and clearly has knowledge about the world, can sorta answer ... Apr 7, 2023 · Host the Flask app on the local system. Run the Flask app on the local machine, making it accessible over the network using the machine's local IP address. Modify the program running on the other system. Update the program to send requests to the locally hosted GPT-Neo model instead of using the OpenAI API. Test and troubleshoot Jan 23, 2023 · 2. Import the openai library. This enables our Python code to go online and ChatGPT. import openai. 3. Create an object, model_engine and in there store your preferred model. davinci-003 is the ... Jun 9, 2022 · Try this yourself: (1) set up the docker image, (2) disconnect from internet, (3) launch the docker image. You will see that It will not work locally. Seriously, if you think it is so easy, try it. It does not work. Here is how it works (if somebody to follow your instructions) : first you build a docker image, Dec 14, 2021 · You can customize GPT-3 for your application with one command and use it immediately in our API: openai api fine_tunes.create -t. See how. It takes less than 100 examples to start seeing the benefits of fine-tuning GPT-3 and performance continues to improve as you add more data. In research published last June, we showed how fine-tuning with ... $ plz –help Generates bash scripts from the command line. Usage: plz [OPTIONS] <PROMPT> Arguments: <PROMPT> Description of the command to execute Options:-y, –force Run the generated program without asking for confirmation-h, –help Print help information-V, –version Print version informationGPT-3 is a deep neural network that uses the attention mechanism to predict the next word in a sentence. It is trained on a corpus of over 1 billion words, and can generate text at character level accuracy. GPT-3's architecture consists of two main components: an encoder and a decoder.For these reasons, you may be interested in running your own GPT models to process locally your personal or business data. Fortunately, there are many open-source alternatives to OpenAI GPT models. They are not as good as GPT-4, yet, but can compete with GPT-3. For instance, EleutherAI proposes several GPT models: GPT-J, GPT-Neo, and GPT-NeoX.The cost would be on my end from the laptops and computers required to run it locally. Site hosting for loading text or even images onto a site with only 50-100 users isn't particularly expensive unless there's a lot of users. So I'd basically be having get computers to be able to handle the requests and respond fast enough, and have them run 24/7.Mar 30, 2022 · Let me show you first this short conversation with the custom-trained GPT-3 chatbot. I achieve this in a way called “few-shot learning” by the OpenAI people; it essentially consists in preceding the questions of the prompt (to be sent to the GPT-3 API) with a block of text that contains the relevant information. With GPT-2, one of our key concerns was malicious use of the model (e.g., for disinformation), which is difficult to prevent once a model is open sourced. For the API, we’re able to better prevent misuse by limiting access to approved customers and use cases. We have a mandatory production review process before proposed applications can go live.Mar 11, 2023 · First of all thremendous work Georgi! I managed to run your project with a small adjustments on: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10700T CPU @ 2.00GHz / 16GB as x64 bit app, it takes around 5GB of RAM. First of all thremendous work Georgi! I managed to run your project with a small adjustments on: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10700T CPU @ 2.00GHz / 16GB as x64 bit app, it takes around 5GB of RAM.Jun 24, 2021 · The project was born in July 2020 as a quest to replicate OpenAI GPT-family models. A group of researchers and engineers decided to give OpenAI a “run for their money” and so the project began. Their ultimate goal is to replicate GPT-3-175B to “break OpenAI-Microsoft monopoly” on transformer-based language models. For all tasks, GPT-3 is applied without any gradient updates or fine-tuning, with tasks and few-shot demonstrations specified purely via text interaction with the model. GPT-3 achieves strong performance on many NLP datasets, including translation, question-answering, and cloze tasks, as well as several tasks that require on-the-fly reasoning ...GPT-3 is a deep neural network that uses the attention mechanism to predict the next word in a sentence. It is trained on a corpus of over 1 billion words, and can generate text at character level accuracy. GPT-3's architecture consists of two main components: an encoder and a decoder.Jul 27, 2023 · BLOOM is an open-access multilingual language model that contains 176 billion parameters and was trained for 3.5 months on 384 A100–80GB GPUs. A BLOOM checkpoint takes 330 GB of disk space, so it seems unfeasible to run this model on a desktop computer. How long before we can run GPT-3 locally? 69 76 Related Topics GPT-3 Language Model 76 comments Top Add a Comment To put things in perspective A 6 billion parameter model with 32 bit floats requires about 48GB RAM. As far as we know, GPT-3.5 models are still 175 billion parameters. So just doing (175/6)*48=1400GB RAM.Feb 16, 2019 · Update June 5th 2020: OpenAI has announced a successor to GPT-2 in a newly published paper. Checkout our GPT-3 model overview. OpenAI recently published a blog post on their GPT-2 language model. This tutorial shows you how to run the text generator code yourself. As stated in their blog post: The biggest gpu has 48 GB of vram. I've read that gtp-3 will come in eigth sizes, 125M to 175B parameters. So depending upon which one you run you'll need more or less computing power and memory. For an idea of the size of the smallest, "The smallest GPT-3 model is roughly the size of BERT-Base and RoBERTa-Base."ChatGPT is not open source. It has had two recent popular releases GPT-3.5 and GPT-4. GPT-4 has major improvements over GPT-3.5 and is more accurate in producing responses. ChatGPT does not allow you to view or modify the source code as it is not publicly available. Hence there is a need for the models which are open source and available for free.anyone to run the model on CPU. 1 Data Collection and Curation We collected roughly one million prompt-response pairs using the GPT-3.5-Turbo OpenAI API between March 20, 2023 and March 26th, 2023. To do this, we first gathered a diverse sam-ple of questions/prompts by leveraging three pub-licly available datasets: •The unifiedchip2 subset ...Apr 17, 2023 · 15 minutes What You Need Desktop computer or laptop At least 4GB of storage space Note, that GPT4All-J is a natural language model that's based on the GPT-J open source language model. It's... Here is a breakdown of the sizes of some of the available GPT-3 models: gpt3. (117M parameters): The smallest version of GPT-3, with 117 million parameters. The model and its associated files are approximately 1.3 GB in size. gpt3-medium. (345M parameters): A medium-sized version of GPT-3, with 345 million parameters.May 15, 2023 · We will create a Python environment to run Alpaca-Lora on our local machine. You need a GPU to run that model. It cannot run on the CPU (or outputs very slowly). If you use the 7B model, at least 12GB of RAM is required or higher if you use 13B or 30B models. If you don't have a GPU, you can perform the same steps in the Google Colab. There are many versions of GPT-3, some much more powerful than GPT-J-6B, like the 175B model. You can run GPT-Neo-2.7B on Google colab notebooks for free or locally on anything with about 12GB of VRAM, like an RTX 3060 or 3080ti. GPT-NeoX-20B also just released and can be run on 2x RTX 3090 gpus.Apr 17, 2023 · 15 minutes What You Need Desktop computer or laptop At least 4GB of storage space Note, that GPT4All-J is a natural language model that's based on the GPT-J open source language model. It's... GPT-3 and ChatGPT contains a compressed version of the complete knowledge of humanity. Stable Diffusion contains much less information than that. You can run some of the smaller variants of GPT-2 and GPT-Neo locally, but the results are not so impressive. GPT4All gives you the chance to RUN A GPT-like model on your LOCAL PC. If someone wants to install their very own 'ChatGPT-lite' kinda chatbot, consider trying GPT4All . The code/model is free to download and I was able to setup it up in under 2 minutes (without writing any new code, just click .exe to launch). It's like Alpaca, but better.Mar 11, 2023 · First of all thremendous work Georgi! I managed to run your project with a small adjustments on: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10700T CPU @ 2.00GHz / 16GB as x64 bit app, it takes around 5GB of RAM.
GPT-3 is a deep neural network that uses the attention mechanism to predict the next word in a sentence. It is trained on a corpus of over 1 billion words, and can generate text at character level accuracy. GPT-3's architecture consists of two main components: an encoder and a decoder.. Ivy league women
GPT Neo *As of August, 2021 code is no longer maintained.It is preserved here in archival form for people who wish to continue to use it. 🎉 1T or bust my dudes 🎉. An implementation of model & data parallel GPT3-like models using the mesh-tensorflow library.Here is a breakdown of the sizes of some of the available GPT-3 models: gpt3. (117M parameters): The smallest version of GPT-3, with 117 million parameters. The model and its associated files are approximately 1.3 GB in size. gpt3-medium. (345M parameters): A medium-sized version of GPT-3, with 345 million parameters.GPT3 has many sizes. The largest 175B model you will not be able to run on consumer hardware anywhere in the near to mid distanced future. The smallest GPT3 model is GPT Ada, at 2.7B parameters. Relatively recently, an open-source version of GPT Ada has been released and can be run on consumer hardwaref (though high end), its called GPT Neo 2.7B. There you have it; you cannot run ChatGPT locally because while GPT 3 is open source, ChatGPT is not. Hence, you must look for ChatGPT-like alternatives to run locally if you are concerned about sharing your data with the cloud servers to access ChatGPT. That said, plenty of AI content generators are available that are easy to run and use locally.1.75 * 10 11 parameters. * 2 for 2 bytes per parameter (16 bits) gives 3.5 * 10 11 bytes. To go from bytes to gigs, we multiply by 10 -9. 3.5 * 10 11 * 10 -9 = 350 gigs. So your absolute bare minimum lower bound is still a goddamn beefy model. That's ~22 16 gig GPUs worth of memory. I don't deal with the nuts and bolts of giant models, so I'm ... Y es, you can definitely install ChatGPT locally on your machine. ChatGPT is a variant of the GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) language model, which was developed by OpenAI. It is designed to generate human-like text in a conversational style and can be used for a variety of natural language processing tasks such as chatbots ...At last with current tech, the issue isn't licensing its the amount of computing power required to run and train these models. ChatGPT isn't simple. It's equally huge and requires an immense amount of of GPU power. The barrier isn't licensing, it's that consumer hardware is cannot run these models locally yet.Here's GPT4All, a FREE ChatGPT for your computer! Unleash AI chat capabilities on your local computer with this LLM. In this video, I'll show you how to inst...Mar 30, 2022 · Let me show you first this short conversation with the custom-trained GPT-3 chatbot. I achieve this in a way called “few-shot learning” by the OpenAI people; it essentially consists in preceding the questions of the prompt (to be sent to the GPT-3 API) with a block of text that contains the relevant information. GPT Neo *As of August, 2021 code is no longer maintained.It is preserved here in archival form for people who wish to continue to use it. 🎉 1T or bust my dudes 🎉. An implementation of model & data parallel GPT3-like models using the mesh-tensorflow library.15 minutes What You Need Desktop computer or laptop At least 4GB of storage space Note, that GPT4All-J is a natural language model that's based on the GPT-J open source language model. It's...In this video I will show you that it only takes a few steps (thanks to the dalai library) to run “ChatGPT” on your local computer. ... training the GPT-3 model in 2020 cost about $5,000,000 ...Feb 25, 2023 · Hi, I’m wanting to get started installing and learning GPT-J on a local Windows PC. There are plenty of excellent videos explaining the concepts behind GPT-J, but what would really help me is a basic step-by-step process for the installation? Is there anyone that would be willing to help me get started? My plan is to utilize my CPU as my GPU has only 11GB VRAM , but I do have 64GB of system ... Sep 18, 2020 · For all tasks, GPT-3 is applied without any gradient updates or fine-tuning, with tasks and few-shot demonstrations specified purely via text interaction with the model. GPT-3 achieves strong performance on many NLP datasets, including translation, question-answering, and cloze tasks, as well as several tasks that require on-the-fly reasoning ... .
